Pulling-over machine



Mar. 20, 1923. 1,448,742

J. GOULDBOURN PULLING OVER MACHUE Filed Mar. l, 1922 Patented 2d, 1923.

n STAT 111.5,

varen;

Jos-ern @ontnemen ,OF annusare. austera risalente alter `Jua.Granular commentata Parnassia-ruw .A @certamen 0F NEW arias-EY` PULLING-ovnn MACHINE.

Application led Mfareh` 1, 1922. Serial No. 540,275.

To ,all {who/m, 'it may concern:

` ABe itglznown thatl, JOSEPH GoUnDnoURN, a subject of the `King of'England, residing at Leicester, Leicestershire, England, have invented certain lImprovements in Pulling- @ver Machines, of `which the following description, in connection withthe accompanying drawings, is a speciication, likewreterence characters on the drawings indicating lilzeparts in the several iigures.

This invention relates to upper pulling or 4pulling-over machines, and moreparticula-rly to the control. ot the relative movement between' upper gripping meansandthe last or form inthe upper pulling operation. The invention is herein illustrated lin its application to the control of the side grippers in a Well-known `type of pulling-over machine, but it ivillbe understoodthatthe invention is not limited to side gripper control norto an organization of the particular type illustrated.

lnmachines su'ch as are commonly used for pulling over uppers, of which the machineherein shown is a Well-known example, the upperpulling movement of the grippers is effected through springs which are subjected tostress by a movingpart of the `machine and react in the upper pulling operation until the vresistance of the upper balances the force ot the springs. 'In such uiaehinesitl hasbeen found advantageous to provide means for controlling some or all of the grippers in such manner as to retard their `,movement inthe pulling of the upper, in

order to` avoidthe danger ot damageto-light uppers by strains y too suddenly applied through springs of such torce as it is. desirable touse to insurevthe proper'tinal tensioning-of the upper, as-Well as to cushion the gripper mechanism against objectionable shock ywhen the grippers-are suddenly released from the upperf Such an organization is disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 1,169,414.` granted on January 25, 1916 upon an application ot R. F. `ltciieely, wherein the movement of the side grippers is controlledby an air check which acts as a dash pot in opposition to the' stressoti the updraw springs. The use 4of such an air check, however, affords only an approximation to that regularity of gripper movement which is desirable, principally by reason oi the compressibility oi? the fluid medium Which rendersthe checking action comparatively .inetective in ,the early `stages of-the Pulllna. movement,- lt hasv alsafbeenynreposed to controlipulling-,Qven grippers use oflliqnid, asfaretarclingf medium, disclosed in;U11ited` States Letters Patent NQ.

1,095,251, granted .on ,Maya malapena@ application of Arthurv Batesand Yo.y "1,240,- 196 granted` upon my prior application 4on September@ 1S, 1917. Such lsuidieheekis, however, tor various reasenshaveuipt prnvel,

on the wh'oleyas satisfaetery ,as the-air check.` 4-This vhas arisen partly from their failureV to Ipermita quick` ivithdraivaliof the ,grippers outpf the Way ofthe overlaying and ltaclnng devices 4when the grippelSA ,release the 1.191061', and, partly :fromthe'aet that in liquid ehecls such as vhave-been provided heretofore in thishtype otinajchinethe re- -turn springs utilizedgto restorepartspfthe .retarding means quickly to termal ,pastion have detractedyfrom the desired Eregularity ,for grippe-movement by `their ,increasing stress yin opposition to (tliefupdraw springs m the upper pulling {opi-iration.` In ,cnn-

structions heretopr-e proposed, moreover, a

liquid checkfhas vbeen provided vfor ,of

fa plurality of grippers, thus j,involving an undesirable multiplicity ,of parts 1S vvell ,making it ditiicult to equalize, the `retarrling effect as between theopposite side grippers.

The present invention aims-to prgvide for i better eontrel vthan heretofore pf relative movement between upper gripper means and the `last or form, ut0-the end l that vpull'ung ,of the upper may he eiectedf/through aspring or springs of sufficient Iforeste'stretehand.

`tensiontheuppeiyas muchas is desirable on larly, a tiuidccheclrhaving Va `-1,rest-rictedjpassage for thevfioivef-thefl-uidyto retard-the gripper movement during. the unaerwrull* Cil ing operation, together with means which yis automatically operated after the grippers have completed their pulling movement to permit a comparatively unobstructed flow of fluid when the grippers release the upper in order that they may be quickly withdrawn out of the way of the overlaying wipers and tackers.

A further feature of the invention consists in a novel organization comprising a liquid check with operating connections const-ructed and arranged to effect a quick return of parts of the retarding mechanism to normal position, the construction shown comprising a. liquid chamber provided with a plunger or piston which is restored positively to its normal position by the return movement of the gripper operating mechanism. Still another feature is to be recognized in a novel organization comprising Ia single retarding mechanism constructed to utilize liquid as the retarding medium, with equalizing connections to the opposite side grippers for controlling and equalizing the pulling force applied at the opposite sides of the last, As an advantageous practical embodiment of the invention for the purposes in view, the construction illustrated comprises a liquid containing cylinder which is closed at its opposite ends and has a by-pass for the iiow of the liquid from one of its ends to the other under control of means which variably restricts the iiow.

The above and other features of the invention, including certain details of construction and combinations of parts, will now ybe more particularly described by reference tothe accompanying drawings and pointed out the claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a portion 4of a pulling-over vmachine embodying the novel Jfeatures of this invention, showing Athe partsV in the positions assumed in the upper pulling operation; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a portion of the retarding mechanism with the parts in starting position, and l Fig. 3 is a vertical section substantially on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

The machine herein shown, in common with other machines of the well-known type illustrated, comprises a sole rest 2 and grip-v a cam-operated slide 10 through springs 12 which are mounted upon rods 14 on the slide vand are compressed by the downward movementv of the slide to Operate the grippe'rs yieldingly, It will be understood that upon the starting of the machine the slide l() receives a comparatively quick downward movement from its operating cam and that through the springs 12 the gripper levers are thereby operated to close the grippers on the upper and then to pull the upper over the last until the resistance of the tensioned upper balances the force of the springs, which react to complete the pulling of the upper after the slide 10 has completed its downward movement. The force of the springs may be varied by adjustment of nuts 16 on the upper ends of the rods 14 and by movement of wedges 18, as in prior machines. The `machine comes automatically to a stop with the upper under tension, and upon a subsequent actuation of the starting means the side clamps, one of which is shown at 2O7 are swung inwardly at the opposite sides of the shoe, and overlaying and taclring devices (not herein shown) `are operated to wipe the margin of theupper inwardly and to fasten it tothe insole. By the inward movement of the overlaying and fastening devices the grippers are tripped by engagement with latches 22 to cause them to release the upper, whereupon the grippers are quickly withdrawn out of the way of the overlaying and fastening means by further reaction of the springs 12 which move the updraw levers 6 to the limit determined by the cam slide l0. Subsequently the gripper levers are positively returned to starting position by upward movement of the cam slide. v

ln common with the machine shown in Patent No. 1,1695414 the side gripper levers of the machine herein shown are connected to an equalizing lever 24 which is mounted for turning movement in a block 26 about an axis extending lengthwise of the gripper levers, the block 26 being fast upon a rock shaft 28 which carries a gear segment 3() operatively engaged with a co-operating gear segment 32 on a hand lever 34 which is pivoted on the rod` 8 and is adapted to permit manual control of the side gripper movemg'ent when desired. rllhe equalizing lever 2li bears upon the upper edges of the levers 6 and isconnected to these levers by means of bridle members 36 so that swinging` movement of the levers 6 in either direction is accompanied by a swinging' movement of the lever 24 about the axis of the rock shaft 28, the lever 24 being permitted to turn in the block 26 to accommodate itself to different relative positionsof the levers 6. Y

In the present machine there is mounted upon the side of the frame a liquid check or dashpot connirising a vertical cylinder 3S .vhich is a double-ended cylinder, i, e. closed at its opposite ends, and has between its ends a piston 40 mounted on the lower end of a piston rod 4t2 which extends upwardly Cil ido

to starting position.

through a'cover plateefl closing the upper end of the cylinder. Communication is ai'orded between the opposite ends ofthe cylinder' 38 through a `Icy-pass 46 and ports 4S and 50 which connect theby-pass to the cylinder at the opposite sides ot the piston 40. The cylinder 38 is adapted to contain liquid, for example `oil,'whieh preferably, in the construction shown, completely fills the cylinder and the by-pass e6, the cyv inder having a screw cap 52 which normally closes an opening through which the oil is introduced and a cock 5e which permits the escape of air as the cylinder is filled; The piston rod l2 is connected to the lever 3ft by means of a link 56 and a bell-crank 58, onearm ot the bell-crank having a roll 60 mounted in a horizontal slot in a block 62 on the upper end or the piston rod. 1t will be evident that thro-ugh these connections the piston -10 receives downward movement in its cylinder in response tothe updraw movement of the side gripper levers 6 to pull the upper andreceiv-es a positive re turn upward movement in its cylinder in response to the return .of the gripper levers 1n order to assist in permitting the gripper levers to be returned freely to starting position, the piston 40 is provided with a plurality of boresl which extend vertically through it and are controlled' by a valve 66' which is normally pressed'upward by a spring 68 to-close the bores but yields to permit the oil to lolw from the upper to the lower side ot the piston when thepiston receives its upward movement. 1n the downward movement ot the piston in the upper pulling operation the valve 66 closes the boies (-34 so that the liquid retards the movement ot the gripper levers in a mannerfdeterinined bythe resistance to the iiow ot' the liquid through the hy-pass 4G.

For controlling the flow of the liquid through the by-pass t6 there is provided a conical valve 70 which co-operates with a corresponding valve seat 71 in the walls et' the bypass to provide a restricted orifice tor the flow of the liquid and is mounted on the lower end of a. vertical stem 7g2 which has a liquid tight tit with the walls of an opening inthe coverplate 114'. The upper end ci? the steml 72 has an eccentric connection 7-1 with a rollv 76 which is mounted in a cam slot 78 in a slide 8O mounted to move horizontally in a lug 82 on the cover plate 114. The normal position ot the lvalve 70 relatively to its seat thus determined by the roll and the cam slot, and by means of a handle 84 the eccentric connection` 7e may be1 turned to adjust the position ot' the valve and thus to vary the width of the orifice through which the liquid is permitted to How and the consequent resistance rto ypulling movement of the grippers, `Byreference to Fig. 2 itwill be seen that the cam slot 78 comprises two `horizontal portions at different heights with anfinclined portion connecting them, and by movementof` theslide toward the left romthe position `indicated in Fig. 2 the valve is raised in the present machine after the upper pulling operation has been completed to permit a comparatively unrestricted flow oi the liquid past the valve in the bypass 46. Inthe machine shown such movement is imparted to the slide 8) through connections to one of' the side clamp arms 2O which in this type of machine' areswung inwardly to clamp theupper at the sides of `the iorepart when the machine is star-ted for the secondwtime in the cycle.` For co-nnectingthe slide to the arm 20 the slide has a vertical slot 86 which receives" stud S8 on one arm of av bell crank mounted on the same pivot as 'the /bell crank 58. `The other arm` of, the bell crank 90 has a trunnion connection with one end of a rod 92 the other end o which is similarly connected to one arm of a bell crank `94, the other arin.` ofthe latter being connected by a rodw96 to a. besson the huboi the clamp arm 20'.. The rod 92 has right and left hand threadednpontions .engaging the respective trunnion connections and is provided `with a. knurled head 9,8 whereby it may be turnedto vary thetime in the inward movement oli the clamp arms when the slide 80 becomes effective to open the valve', as `may be required for different widths of shoes. i

l1n operation the valve 70 is adjusted to obstruct the How of the liquid in the :by-pass 46 as muchas may be required, having regard tothe character ot the shoe :materialsyand the strength' of the updraw springs. Upon thestartifng of the machine the liquid` check is eliective toi retard` the movement of the gripp ers yfrom the beginningof` the .operation ort the cam` slide 10, and is unitormly eiiective in its retarding actionxthroughout the u-pper pullingmovement of the gripperswhich continues until the resistance` ot lthe upper balances the stress ci the updraw springs. It will be evident that the retarding means ofthe `present mach-ine aii'ectsonly the rate of the movement of the grippers and not `the tina-l tension applied through the springs which is substantially the same as if the retardingmeans were "not in usen; When the. machine is started tor the second time in the cycle the valve 70 is lifted, `as hereinbetore explained, before the gr-ippers `have been tripped by the overlaying and tacking means, and consequentlya comparatively unobstructed flow of the liquid through-the by-pass is permitted when the grippers are tripped, so that the updraw springs may eiiect a quick withdrawal .of the yfgrippers, as is necessary Jfor the proper operationof" the overlaying and fastening devices. In the subsequent return of the parts to starting position.y the gripper levers are positively operated by upward movement of the cam slide-10 and through their connections to the piston 40 they move the piston positively upward to the starting position illustrated in Fig. 3, the liquid being permitted to flow through the bores in the piston aswell as through the by-pass to permit the quick return movement of the piston.

The cylinder may be of such proportions and the parts so adjusted as to render the pulling movement of the grippers as slow as may be desired, provided the output of the machine isA not unduly restricted. By reason of the substantial uniformity of gripper movement insured by the use of the construction shown, and the precision with which the movement may be controlled, it has been found practicable to use, for example, on womens workupdraw springs which, if ruptures of the upper were to be guarded against, could only be used with the air check on mens heavy uppers.

While the invention is illustrated by reference to the use of liquid as a retarding medium, and while important advantages are to be recognized in ksuch use in an; organization embodying features of the invention, it will be evident that in various novel and useful aspects the invention is not restricted to a liquid check.

Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and means for pulling an upper yieldingly over a last by relative movement between said upper gripping means and the last, of means constructed and arranged to retard said relative pulling movement, and mechanism automatically operative at a predetermined time in the cycle of the machine to alter the resistance of the retarding means to relative movement of the upper gripping means and the last in the direction of the pull.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and means for pulling an upper yieldingly over a last by relative Vmovement between said -upper gripping means and the last, of a fluid check for retarding said relative pulling movement, and controlling mechanism automatically operative at a predetermined time in the cycle ot the machine to relieve the resistance of said fluid check to further relative movement of the upper gripping means and the last in the direction of the ull. p 3. In a machine of the class described, the

Vcombination with upper gripping vmeans and means for pulling on upper yieldingly over a last by relative movement between said upper gripping means and the last, of a lluid check constructed to provide a restricted orilice through which the fiuidis permitted to flow in response to said relative pulling movement to retard said movement, and controlling mechanism automatically operative after said pulling movement has been substantially completed to enlarge said orifice and relieve the retarding action of said fluid check.

4t. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper grippings means and operating mechanism for imparting movement yieldingly to said upper gripping means to pull an upper over a last, of retarding mechanism constructed to determine a rate of movement of the upper gripping means which is slower than the movement of its operating mechanism, and a controlling device automatically operative at a predetermined time in the cycle of the machine to render said retarding mechanism comparatively ineective to check the movement of the upper gripping means in the direction of the pull.4

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism comprising spring connections for pulling an upper yieldingly over a last and for withdrawing the gripping means to an out of the way position upon its release of the upper, of mechanism for retarding the pulling movement of the upper gripping means, and a controlling device automatically operative afterV the upper pulling movement has been substantially completed to relieve the checking action of said retarding mechanism and permit a quick withdrawal of the gripping means upon its release of the upper.

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism comprising spring connections for pulling an upper yieldingly over a last and for withdrawing the gripping means to an out of the way position upon its release of the upper, of a fluid check for retarding the pulling movement of said upper gripping means constructed to provide a narrow orifice through which the fluid is permitted `to flow in response to said movement, and controlling mechanism automatically operative to relieve the retarding action of the fluid check in time to permit a quick withdrawal of the gripping means upon its release of the upper.

7 In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism comprising spring connections for pulling an upper yieldingly over a last and for withdrawing the gripping means to an out of the way position upon its release of the upper, of a fluid check for retarding the pulling movement of said upper gripping means comprising a liquid containing chamber having a narrow passage through which the liquid is vpermitted to flow in response to said movement, and valve means automatically operativeA at a predetermined time in the cycleof the machine to provide a freer outlet for the liquid from lsaid chamber in the Withdraw'- ing movement of the upper gripping means.

8. In a machine of the class describedythe combination With upper gripping means and operating mechanism for imparting movement yieldingly to said upper gripping means to pull an upper over a last, of a fluid check for retarding the pullingmovement of the upper gripping means, and an automatically controlled valve for varying at a predetermined time in the cycle the `resistance of the fluid check' t'o the movement oi the upper gripping means in the direction i.

of the pull.

9. In a machine ofthe class (described, the combination vvith upper gripping means and operating mechanism comprising spring connections constructed and arranged to operate said upper gripping means to pull an upper yieldingly and to come automatically to a stop With the upper under tension, of mechanism for retarding the pulling movement of the upper gripping means, and a controlling device automatically operative upon a subsequent starting of the machine to relieve the checking action of said retarding Amechanism and permit a quick Withdrawal of the upper gripping means' by the spring connections Whensaid means releases the upper.

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper vgripping means and operating ymechanism for imparting movement yieldingly to said upper gripping means to pull an upper over a last, of a fluid check for retarding 'the pulling movement of said upper gripping means comprising a liquid containing chamber having a passage through which the liquid is permitted to vflovv in'response to said movement, a valve for restricting the flow of liquid from said chamber in the upper .pulling operation,l and mechanism automatically operative at .a predetermined time inv the cycle of the machinefto `relieve the resistance o'fsaid valve to the flow of the liquid.

1l. In a machine of the class r`described,

vthe combination with uppergripping means and operating mechanism Jor imparting `movement yieldlngly to said upper'. gripping means to pull an upper over a last, of

mechanism for retarding said movement" of the liquid is permitted to'oW in theupper pulling operation,` a valve for restricting the fiovv of liquid insaid ley-pass,andvmecha-` nisrn automatically operative at a predeterminedtime in the cycle of the machine to relieve the resistance of said valve to the flou Aof liquid in `said oy-pass.

' 12. In` a` machine or' `the class described,

the combination with upper gripping means `device to further movement of the upper gripping means in the direction of the-pull. 13.v Ina machineofthe class described, the combinationwith upper gripping means and operating mechanism` for imparting movement yieldinglyy to said lupper gripping meansto pull an upper over a last, of a iluid check for retarding saidmovement of the ,upper gripping means comprising a chamber having a narrow' passage through which thefluid is permitted to iovv-'in response to said movement, means adjustable to vary the normal resistanceto the flow of the fluid in the 'upper pulling operation, and

mechanism automatically operative at apredetermined time in the cycle of the machine v`to relieve the resistance to flow of thefluid in response to further*` movement of the upper gripping means in' the direction fof the ull, p 14. In a machineof the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism lttor "imparting movement yieldingly to said uppergripping means to pullan upper over a last, off mechanism `for retarding said y movement'oi the upper gripping means comprisinga liquid containing cylinder having a pistontlierein and provided `vvith a by-pass' through which the liquid is permitted to flow from" one end of the cylinder to the other in response to said movement, a valve forcentrolling the iiow of liquid in said 4by-pass, inea-ns for adjusting said valve to `prvide a restricted orifice of variably predetermined extent or' the flow of theliquidya-nd mechanism automatically operative'at a predetermined time in ythecycle of themachine to move thevalve `in a directionto enlarge said orifice.`

y 15. In a machine lof the 'classy described, thefcombination with upper gripping means,

"operating mechanism "for imparting movement yiel'dingly to said upper;r `gripping,

means to pull an upper and clamping'fmechanism movable into `engagement with the shoe at'its opposite sidesv afterthe-upper `has been pulled, of means constructed `and arrangedto' retard the pulling movement of the upper gripping means, and a controlling device arranged to be operated by said clamp-ing mechanism to relieve the retarding action of said retarding means after the upper hasbeen pulled.

16. In a machine of the class described, the, combination with upper gripping means `and operating mechanism ion imparting movement yieldingly to said upper gripping means to pull an upper, of a device for retarding said movement of the upper gripping means, said retarding device comprising a double-ended cylinder substantially filled with liquid and having al piston movable therein, said cylinder having a bypass affording communication between its opposite ends, and a valve for controlling the `iow of liquid through said by-pass.

`17. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism for imparting movement to said upper gripping means to pull an upper, of mechanism for retarding the pulling movement of said upper grippin means, said mechanism comprising a dou le-ended liquid containing cylinder having a piston therein and provided with Va ley-pass affording communication between its opposite ends to permit a restricted flow of the liquid from one end of the cylinder to the other in response to the kpulling movement, a valve for controlling the flow of liquid in said by-pass, means constructed to permit a flow of the liquid through the piston in the return of the. upper gripping means to starting position, and means for controlling said valve to permit a freer iiow of the liquid in said by-pass in such return of the upper gripping means.

18. In a machine of the class described, the combination with opposite side grippers and means for operating them to pull an upper over a last, of a liquid check for retarding the pulling movement of said grippers, and equalizing connections between said liquid check and the grippe-rs topermit the grippers to assume different relative positions kin the pulling of the upper.

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination with oppo-site side grippers and means for operating them to pull an upper e over a last, of mechanism for retarding the upper pulling movement of said grippers comprising a double-ended liquid containing cylinder having a piston therein and constructed to permit a restricted flow of liquid between the opposite ends of the cylinder in the upper pulling operation, and connections between said liquid check and the opposite side grip-pers for retarding movement of said grippers y 20. In a machine ofthe class described, the

`combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism for imparting movement to said upper gripping nit-winsI to pull ineen-ia an upper, ont a liquid check for retarding the pulling movement of said upper gripping means, and connections between said upper gripping means and the liquid check for restoring said check to itsy initial condition by the return movement of the upper gripping means to its starting position.

21. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism for imparting movement to said upper gripping means to pull an upper, of a fluid check for retarding said movement comprising a liquid containing chamber and a piston in said chamber movable by the upper gripping means inthe upper pulling operation, saidl chamber having a narrow passage for the flow of the liquid in response to the movement of said piston, means for returning the piston positively to starting position, and mechanism automatically operative to alford a freer passage for the liquid in such return of the piston.

22. In a machine of the class described, the p combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism for imparting movement to said upper gripping means to pull an upper, of a fluid check for retarding said movement comprising a double-ended cylinder having ka piston therein and substantially lled with `liquid at opposite sides of the piston, said cylinder having a by-pass for the flow of the liquid between its opposite ends,

and connections between said upper gripping means and the piston for returning the piston positively to its starting position as the upper gripping means is moved reversely to its starting position. ,l

23. In a machine of the class described, the combination with upper gripping means and operating mechanism for imparting movement to said upper gripping means to pull an upper, of a fluid check for retarding said movement of the upper gripping means comprising a double-ended liquid-containing cylinder having a. piston therein and a bypass affording communication between the opposite ends of the cylinder, a valve for controlling said by-pass to permit a restricted flow of the liquid therethrough in the upper pulling operation, connections between the upperV gripping `means and said piston for returning the piston to its starting position by the return movement of the upv per gripping means to starting position, and controlling means for said valve automatically operative to open the valve and permit a freerflow of the liquid in said by-pass in such return of the parts. y y

24. In a machine of the class described, the

, combination with upper gripping means and mechanism for effective relative movement of said upper gripping means and a last to pull an upper over the last, of a liquid check for retardi-ng said relative movement comprising a closed liquid-containing cylinder and a piston in the cylinder, and connections for effecting relative movement of said cylinder a'nd piston in response to the relative movement of the upper gripping,` means and Athe last in the upper pulling operation, said liquid check being provided with a narrow passage connecting the opposite ends of the cylinder to permit a gradual flow of the liquid from one side of the piston to the other in such relative movement.

25. In a machine of the class described, the combination With upper gripping means and mechanism for eifecting relative movement of said upper gripping means and a last to pull an upper over the last, of a liquid check n for retarding said relative movement comprising a closed liquid-containing` cylinder and a piston in the cylinder, said liquid check having a ley-pass leading from one end of the cylinder to the other to permit a gradual ioW of the liquid in response to relative movement of the cylinder and the piston in the upper pulling operation, and positive means for eecting relative return movement of said cylinder and piston aiter the upper has been pulled, l

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciiication. r

JOSEPH GOULDBOURN. 

